tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24094900353550828572024-02-08T03:30:49.769-08:00หน่วยที่ 5Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04975537178536015225noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2409490035355082857.post-24281662384422440932013-07-04T19:58:00.003-07:002013-07-04T20:18:37.901-07:00จิตวิทยาการเรียนการสอน<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ff6699; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">จิตวิทยา ( </span></b><b><span style="color: #ff6699; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">psychology) <span lang="TH">คือ ศาสตร์ที่ว่าด้วยการศึกษาเกี่ยวกับจิตใจ </span>, <span lang="TH">กระบวนความคิด</span>,
<span lang="TH">และพฤติกรรม ของมนุษย์ด้วยกระบวนการทางวิทยาศาสตร์
เนื้อหาที่นักจิตวิทยาศึกษาเช่น การรับรู้ </span>, <span lang="TH">อารมณ์</span>, <span lang="TH">บุคลิกภาพ</span>, <span lang="TH">พฤติกรรม</span>, <span lang="TH">และรูปแบบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างบุคคล
</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ffcc66; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">จิตวิทยาการเรียนการสอนเป็นศาสตร์อันมุ่งศึกษาการเรียนรู้และพฤติกรรมของผู้เรียนในสถานการณ์การเรียนการสอนพร้อมทั้งหาวิธีที่ดีที่สุดในการสอนให้ผู้เรียนได้เรียนรู้อย่างสอดคล้องกับพัฒนาการของผู้เรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #ffcc66; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ความรู้ที่อยู่ในขอบข่ายการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.ความรู้เรื่องพัฒนาการมนุษย์</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.หลักการของการเรียนรู้และการสอนประกอบด้วยทฤษฎีการเรียนรู้ชนิดต่างๆ</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">3.ความแตกต่างระหว่างบุคคลที่มีผลต่อการเรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">4.การนำอาหลักการและวิธีการเรียนรู้ไปใช้ในการแก้ปัญหาการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">จุดมุ่งหมายของการนำจิตวิทยามาประยุกต์ใช้กับการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.<span lang="TH">มุ่งพัฒนาองค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการเรียนรู้ของมนุษย์ในสถานการณ์การเรียนการสอน</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.<span lang="TH">นำเอาองค์ความรู้ข้างต้นมาสร้างรูปแบบเชิงปฏิบัติเพื่อครูและผู้ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการจัดการศึกษาสามารถนำไปใช้ประโยชน์ในการเรียนการสอน</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">หลักการสำคัญ</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.มีความรู้ในเนื้อหาวิชาที่สอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.มีความสามารถในการประยุกต์หลักการจิตวิทยาเพื่อการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">3.มีความสามารถในการปรับตัวให้เข้ากับสถานการณ์ใหม่</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">4.มีเจตคติที่ดีต่อผู้เรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">จิตวิทยาครู</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ครู หมายถึง
ผู้สอนมาจากภาษาบาลีว่า </span></b><b><span style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">“ <span lang="TH">ครุ </span>” <span lang="TH">ภาษาสันสกฤตว่า
</span>“ <span lang="TH">คุรุ </span>” <span lang="TH">แปลว่า</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">หนักสูงใหญ่
ครูต้องรับภารหนักในหน้าที่และความรับผิดชอบครูต้องมีความหนักแน่น</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">สุขุมไม่วู่วาม
ทั้งความคิดและการกระทำบทบาทและความสำคัญของครูในปัจจุบัน</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ธีรศักดิ์ (2542)ได้กล่าวถึง 4 ประเด็นดังนี้</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ccff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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1.บทบาทและความสำคัญต่อเยาวชน</span></b><b><span style="color: #ccff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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2.บทบาทและความสำคัญของครูในการพัฒนาทรัพยากรมนุษย์</span></b><b><span style="color: #ccff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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3.บทบาทและความสำคัญของครูในการรักษาชาติ</span></b><b><span style="color: #ccff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ccff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">
4.บทบาทและความสำคัญของครูในเยียวยาสังคม</span></b><b><span style="color: #ccff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">รูปแบบของครู(</span></b><b><span style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Models of Teachers) Fenstermacher
<span lang="TH">และ </span>Soltis (<span lang="TH">1992)ได้กล่าวถึงรูปแบบและบทบาทของครู
เป็น 3 ประเภท</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> 1. </span></b><b><span style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The Executive Model <span lang="TH">ทำหน้าที่คล้ายบริหาร</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> 2. </span></b><b><span style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The Therapist Model <span lang="TH">มีส่วนร่วมในการเรียนการสอนอย่างใกล้ชิด</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> 3. </span></b><b><span style="color: #ff99cc; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The Liberationist Model <span lang="TH">ครูที่ให้อิสระผู้เรียนในการเรียนรู้</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ครูอาจมีบทบาทดังนี้</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.รับผิดชอบการวางแผนการสอนและวัดผล</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.มีความรู้เกี่ยวกับวิธีการสอนหรือให้ข้อมูลแก่ผู้เรียนอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">3.ทำหน้าที่ผู้จัดการหรือบริหารห้องเรียนให้เหมาะสมกับการเรียนรู้</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">4.ให้คำปรึกษารับฟังความคิดเห็นแก่ผู้เรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #66ffff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">บทบาทดังกล่าวนี้มีความสอดคล้องกับแนวคิดของ</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> Woolfok <span lang="TH">และ </span>Nicalich (<span lang="TH">1980)ที่กล่าวไว้หลายประเด็นและมีคลอบคลุมดังนี้</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.เป็นผู้ชำนาญการสอนเป็นผู้ที่กระตุ้นให้เกิดแรงจูงใจ</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.เป็นผู้จัดการเป็นผู้นำ</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">3.เป็นผู้ให้คำปรึกษา</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">4.เป็นวิศวกรสังคมเป็นตัวแบบ</span></b><b><span style="color: #cc66ff; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #ffcc66; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">หลักการที่สำคัญสำหรับครู</span></b><b><span style="color: #ffcc66; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> Mamchak and Mamchak (<span lang="TH">1981)ได้กล่าวถึงขั้นตอนในการสร้างบรรยากาศในห้องเรียนที่เป็นรูปธรรมเพื่อให้เกิดความเข้าใจอันดีระหว่างครูและนักเรียนดังนี้<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">1.ไม่รื้อฟื้นปัญหาที่เคยเกิดขึ้น</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">2.ให้ความยุติธรรมแก่เด็กอย่างเท่าเทียมกัน</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">3.ตั้งเป้าหมายที่นักเรียนสามารถทำได้</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">4.ครูควรบอกถึงข้อจำกัดของตน</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">5.ครูควรทราบข้อจำกัดของเด็กแต่ละคน</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">6.ครูควรใส่ใจเด็กทุกคน</span></b><b><span style="color: #558ed5; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #558ED5; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=60000 lumo=40000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text2; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ความสำคัญของจิตวิทยาการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">1.ทำให้รู้จักลักษณะนิสัยของผู้เรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2.ทำให้เข้าใจพัฒนาการบุคลิกภาพบางอย่างของผู้เรียน</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">3.ทำให้ครูเข้าใจความแตกต่างระหว่างบุคคล</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">4.ทำให้ครูทราบว่ามีองค์ประกอบใดบ้างที่มีผลกระทบต่อสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนเช่นแรงจูงใจ
ความคาดหวังเชาวน์ปัญญา ทัศนคติ ฯลฯ</span></b><b><span style="color: #99ff33; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;"> ความสำคัญของจิตวิทยาการเรียนการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">1.ทำให้ครูทราบทฤษฎี หลักการเรียนรู้รวมทั้งหลักการสอนและวิธีการสอน</span></b><b><span style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">2.ทำให้ครูวางแผนการสอนได้อย่างเหมาะสม</span></b><b><span style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="TH" style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">3.ทำให้ครูจัดสภาพแวดล้อมของห้องเรียนได้สอดคล้องกับพัฒนาการรวมทั้งสร้างบรรยากาศในชั้นเรียนที่เอื้อต่อการปกครองชั้นเรียน
(สุวรี</span></b><b><span style="color: #e46c0a; font-family: "Cordia New","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cordia New"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #E46C0A; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent6; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">, <span lang="TH">2535)</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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